中国盔甲鱼类的新发现及盔甲鱼亚纲系统发育关系

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	中国盔甲鱼类的新发现及盔甲鱼亚纲系统发育关系
其他题名	The new discoveries of galespids from China and the Phylogenetic relationships of Galeaspida
	盖志琨
学位类型	硕士
导师	朱敏
	2008-03-05
学位授予单位	中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所
学位授予地点	古脊椎动物与古人类研究所
关键词	盔甲鱼亚纲无颌类系统发育分类新属
摘要	本文记述了近年来野外工作所发现的盔甲鱼类的新材料，新材料主要采集于浙江志留系和云南泥盆纪系地层，共计2新属: 安吉鱼（Anjiaspis gen . nov.）、王冠鱼（Stephaspis gen . nov.），一新种：长矛大窗鱼（Macrothyraspis longilanceus sp. nov.），同时根据新材料厘清了雷曼煤山鱼(Meishanaspis lehmani)与浙江中华盔甲鱼(Sinogaleaspis zhejiangensis) 的关系，认为雷曼煤山鱼一种成立，并非浙江中华盔甲鱼的同物异名。基于对54个形态学特征的讨论，本文首次开展了无颌类盔甲鱼亚纲的简约性分析，获得了3个最简约的分支图，其步长为132，一致性指数为0.4924，保留指数为0.7926。在此基础上，修订了盔甲鱼亚纲的分类。研究结果表明，志留纪兰多维列世至温洛克世的汉阳鱼类、修水鱼类和大庸鱼类属于盔甲鱼亚纲的基干类群。在其余盔甲鱼类中，识别出3个大的单系类群，分别是真盔甲鱼目、多鳃鱼目和华南鱼目。在盔甲鱼亚纲中，头甲背窗的起源至少发生了两次，一次在多鳃鱼目支系中，另一次在华南鱼目支系中。基于背窗特征而建立的大窗鱼类并不是一个单系类群。盔甲鱼类的年代分布指示该类群的两次辐射演化，分别是兰多维列世特列奇期基干盔甲鱼类和真盔甲鱼目的辐射演化，和早泥盆世洛霍考夫期多鳃鱼目和华南鱼目的辐射演化。
其他摘要	Some new materials of galeaspids collected from the Silurian of Zhejiang Province and the Devonian of Yunnan Province during recent field excursion are described in this paper. The new materials include two new genera, Anjiaspis gen . nov., Stephaspis gen . nov.; one new species, Macrothyraspis longilanceus sp. nov.. Meanwhile, our new materials of Meishanaspis lehmani and Sinogaleaspis zhejiangensis suggest that Meishanaspis lehmani is a tenable species and not the synonym of ‘S.’ zhejiangensis. We present the first parsimony analysis of the agnathan subclass Galeaspida based on the analysis of 54 morphological characters. Three most parsimonious cladograms (132 steps in length; CI = 04924; RI = 0.7926) were discovered. An amended classification of the Galeaspida is proposed corresponding to the present analysis. Our results suggest that hanyangaspids, xiushuiaspids and dayongaspids from the Llandovery-Wenlock of Silurian are basal galeaspids. Within the remaining galeaspids, three major monophyletic groups (the Eugaleaspidiformes, the Polybranchiaspidiformes and the Huananaspidiformes) are well supported. It is shown that the dorsal fenestrae of headshield evolved twice within the Galeaspida, one in the polybranchiaspidiform lineage, and the other in the huananaspidiform lineage (nested within the Huananaspidae). The chronological distribution of galeaspids highlights two radiations of the group, one for basal galeaspids and eugaleaspids in the Telychian (Llandovery) of Silurian, and the other for polybranchiaspidiforms and huananaspidiforms in the Lochkovian of Early Devonian.
页数	60
语种	中文
文献类型	学位论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.205/handle/311034/1666
专题	硕博论文
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	盖志琨. 中国盔甲鱼类的新发现及盔甲鱼亚纲系统发育关系[D]. 古脊椎动物与古人类研究所. 中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所,2008.

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