辽西义县组一新的禽龙类化石及杨氏锦州龙（Jinzhousaurus yangi）头后骨骼研究

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	辽西义县组一新的禽龙类化石及杨氏锦州龙（Jinzhousaurus yangi）头后骨骼研究
其他题名	A new Iguanodontian dinosaur from the early Cretaceous Yixian Formation of Western Liaoning, China and a study of the postcranial skeleton of Jinzhousaurus yangi
	潘睿
学位类型	硕士
导师	汪筱林
	2009-06-04
学位授予单位	中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所
学位授予地点	古脊椎动物与古人类研究所
关键词	辽西义县组早白垩世禽龙类中国东生龙杨氏锦州龙
摘要	本硕士论文首先详细回顾了禽龙类的发现和研究历史，并对其地理和地史分布进行了总结。禽龙类化石几乎在全球各大陆广泛分布，它们繁盛于早白垩世，最早的记录可以追溯到侏罗纪。其灭绝时间也基本一致，并于早白垩世末期被鸭嘴龙超科所取代。　　杨氏锦州龙（Jinzhousaurus yangi）是辽西下白垩统热河群发现的第一个大型禽龙类恐龙。化石发现于锦州义县白台沟，相当于义县组中部（123Ma）的湖相沉积中，保存了完整的头骨和大部分头后骨骼，前人仅对其头骨进行了研究。本文详细描述了杨氏锦州龙的头后骨骼，补充了头后骨骼所代表的属征，如胸骨具叉状突起，近端指骨宽大于长，且与掌骨长度之比较小等自近裔特征，并基于头后骨骼与已知的主要禽龙类进行了对比和讨论。　　此外，本文还详细研究了另外一件发现于北票张家沟义县组下部尖山沟层（125Ma）新的禽龙类化石骨架（IVPP V13290），该标本几乎保存了所有骨骼，是热河生物群发现的为数不多的禽龙类化石之一，也是热河群中禽龙类已知最早的化石记录。该个体部分背椎椎体和椎弓未愈合，表明其尚未发育成熟，是一亚成年个体。论文对其进行了详细的形态学记述，依据前上颌骨横向膨大；无前上颌齿；鼻孔扩大；齿叶状且边缘具小齿；上颌齿外侧和齿骨齿内侧均具显著主脊；每齿槽具一枚替换齿; 以及肩胛骨与乌喙骨不愈合，耻骨不具封闭孔且耻骨杆长度约为坐骨长度一半等特征，明显属于禽龙类。在此基础上，重点与杨氏锦州龙进行了对比，因齿列少和叉状胸骨突不发育等特征与杨氏锦州龙明显不同。依据其齿列少（上、下颌均11枚），无坐骨封闭突，乌喙孔凹槽状且前背侧具垂直的脊等特有特征，建立一新属新种：中国东生龙（Dongshengosaurus sinensis gen. et sp. nov.）。　　参照Norman（2004）对禽龙类的系统发育研究，本文依据头部及头后性状特征对杨氏锦州龙进行了初步分析，分析结果显示杨氏锦州龙是一类较为原始的禽龙类，与Zalmoxes robustus互为姐妹群。这一结果与Norman（2004）得到的结论差别较大，但与You et al.（2003）所做的禽龙类系统发育结果相似，也与本文对头后骨骼所做的大量的形态学对比相互吻合。; 　The paper reviewed the discovery and research history of iguanodontian dinosaurs, and summarized the geographical and geological distribution of them. Iguanodontian dinosaurs distribute in almost all the continents. They bloomed during the early Cretaceous, and the earliest fossil record goes back to the Jurassic. They became extinct by the late Cretaceous and were replaced by hadrosauroid dinosaurs. 　Jinzhousaurus yangi is the first iguanodontian dinosaur discovered in Jehol Biota from the early Cretaceous, western Liaoning. The fossil was excavated from the lacustrine sediments of the middle Yixian Formation（123Ma） at Baitaigou, Yixian in Jinzhou. A nearly complete skull and parts of the postcranial skeleton are preserved. The former reasearchers have just studied the skull and mandibular, while this paper gived a detailed description on the postcranial skeleton, added some postcranial diagnostic characters of Jinzhousaurus, including the tab like process of the sternal; the proximal phalanges that are both broader than long and very short relatively to the metacarpal. Mainly basing on the postcranial anatomy, the author made a comparation and discussion between Jinzhousaurus yangi and some other representative iguanodontians. 　The paper also studied a new iguanodontian skeleton （IVPP V13290） excavated at Zhangjiagou site, Beipiao from the Jianshangou Bed of the lower Yixian Formation （125Ma）. This specimen is well preserved including nearly all parts of the skeleton and is both one of the rare iguanodontian fossils and the earliest record of iguanodontian in the Jehol Biota. The evidence that some neural arch and centrum are not fused to each other shows it is an immature individual. The author gived a detailed morphological description on it and diagnosed it as an iguanodontian on these features: a premaxillary with a transversely expanded and edentulous margin; enlarged external nares; leaf-shaped teeth with denticles; strong primary ridge on teeth; a single replacement crown per alveolus; the coracoid not fused to the scapular; pubis with no obturator foramen; postpubic process consisting of a tapering rod approximately half the length of the ischium. To compare it mainly with Jinzhousaurus yangi, the author found that the new specimen IVPP V13290 with much fewer teeth alveolus, no tab-like sternals developed, and differs from the Jinzhousaurus yangi. Depending on fewer teeth rows （both the maxillary and dentary possess 11）, ischium with no oburator foramen, coracoid with a vertical ridge and foreman forming a notch and And the author established a new genus and species: Dongshengosaurus sinensis gen. et sp. nov. 　Referring to the systematic analysis done by Norman （2004）, the author performed a cladistic analysis on Jinzhousaurus yangi according to both the cranial and postcranial characters. The result shows that Jinzhousaurus yangi is a relatively primary iguaondontian. This conclusion on Jinzhousaurus yangi may differ from the analysis done by Norman（2004）, but it accords with its postcranial anatomy done by us.
页数	77
语种	中文
文献类型	学位论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.205/handle/311034/1728
专题	硕博论文
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	潘睿. 辽西义县组一新的禽龙类化石及杨氏锦州龙（Jinzhousaurus yangi）头后骨骼研究[D]. 古脊椎动物与古人类研究所. 中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所,2009.

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