Diverse stem cetaceans and their phylogenetic relationships with mesonychids and artiodactyls

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	Diverse stem cetaceans and their phylogenetic relationships with mesonychids and artiodactyls
其他题名	基干鲸类的多样性及其与中兽和偶蹄类的系统关系
	Gao Hongyan; Ni Xijun
	2015
发表期刊	古脊椎动物学报
ISSN	1000-3118
卷号	53 期号:2 页码:153
摘要	The transition in the evolution of cetaceans from terrestrial life to a fully aquatic existence is one of the most enduring evolutionary mysteries. Stem cetaceans are quite diverse and well documented in the fossil record. Five family level clades form the paraphyletic stem cetaceans ('archaeocetes'): Pakicetidae, Ambulocetidae, Remingtonocetidae, Protocetidae, and Basilosauridae. The most basal group, the pakicetids probably had a semi-aquatic life, living near the freshwater environment. They likely represent the initial step in the transformation of a terrestrial artiodactyl to an aquatic cetacean. The more derived ambulocetids exhibit more characters likely linked to increasing aquatic adaptation, and they probably were more adapted to the marine realm than to a freshwater environment. Remingtonocetids show evolution of balance organs and the sound transmission mechanism in the direction of modern cetaceans. Stable oxygen isotope analyses suggest that remingtonocetids were probably exclusively marine. Protocetids are very diverse, and they are the first cetacean group that acquired a global distribution. Protocetids retain well-developed hind limbs, but their pelvic-vertebra articulation became loose or completely lost. Basilosaurids are the extinct sister group to the crown cetaceans. The phylogenetic relationships between cetaceans and other mammals have long been debated. Molecular, paleontological, and morphological data and analyses all support a close evolutionary link between cetaceans and artiodactyls. However, the prevalent hippopotamus-cetacean hypothesis does not receive solid support from paleontological and morphological data. Detailed review and more extensive phylogenetic analyses on anthracotheriids and entelodontids will aid the clarification of uncertainties related to the hippopotamus-cetacean phylogenetic hypothesis. If the phylogenetic positions of extant cetaceans and artiodactyls were not constrained by molecular data, the traditional mesonychid-cetacean relationship would still have support from the analyses based solely on paleontological and morphological data.
语种	英语
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.205/handle/311034/15558
专题	中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所
作者单位	中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所
第一作者单位	中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Gao Hongyan,Ni Xijun. Diverse stem cetaceans and their phylogenetic relationships with mesonychids and artiodactyls[J]. 古脊椎动物学报,2015,53(2):153.
APA	Gao Hongyan,&Ni Xijun.(2015).Diverse stem cetaceans and their phylogenetic relationships with mesonychids and artiodactyls.古脊椎动物学报,53(2),153.
MLA	Gao Hongyan,et al."Diverse stem cetaceans and their phylogenetic relationships with mesonychids and artiodactyls".古脊椎动物学报 53.2(2015):153.

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