热河群的滑体两栖类化石及无尾类基群的系统发育研究

IVPP-IR > 硕博论文

	热河群的滑体两栖类化石及无尾类基群的系统发育研究
其他题名	FOSSIL LISSAMPHIBIANS FROM THE JEHOL GROUP AND PHYLOGENETIC STUDY OF BASAL ANURANS
	王原
学位类型	博士
导师	张弥曼
	2002
学位授予单位	中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所
学位授予地点	中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所
学位专业	古生物学与地层学
关键词	热河群晚中生代无尾类有尾类系统发育
摘要	近五年来,在辽宁西部、内蒙古东南部和河北北部的晚中生代热河群中发现了一批新的滑体两栖类材料,已经研究命名的有无尾类三燕丽蟾、北票中蟾和葛氏辽蟾,有尾类钟健辽西螈、奇异热河螈、东方塘螈和凤山中国螈.它们代表中国首批中生代滑体两栖类.该文目的是通过对这些化石的研究,了解早期滑体两栖类的骨骼解剖学和分类学特征,检验无尾类某些基部类群的单系性,并揭示类群间及类群内部各成员间的系统发育关系.三燕丽蟾以9个荐前椎和匙骨远端不分叉等原始特征区别于盘舌蟾科的其他成员,它不仅代表了亚洲最早的盘舌蟾类,而且是目前亚洲惟一的与现生盘舌蟾类同域分布的化石种类.北票中蟾具有9个荐前椎、3对自由肋、乌喙骨近端扩展以及保留中间腕骨等原始特征,代表一个未命名的古老无尾类分支.钟健辽西螈是一种小型纤细的中生代有尾类,可能是目前中国中生代有尾类中产出层位最高(九佛堂组)的种类,它与现生小鲵类的一些属种具有相似的骨骼学特征.奇异热河螈是一种幼态持续种类,以具有外鳃、腭面齿列纵向,两鼻骨广泛接触,单头肋等特征区别于其他中生代有尾类.
其他摘要	Lissamphibian fossils have been recently discovered from the Late Mcsozoic jehol Group of western Liaoning, southeastern Nei Mongol and northern Mebei of China. These findings, including the anurans Callobatrachus sanyancnsis Wang et Gao 1999, Mesophyne beipiaoensis Gao et Wang 2001, Liaohatrachus mhjui Ji et Ji 1998 and the urodeles Liaoxitriton zhongjiani Dong et Wang 1998, Jehohtriton paradnxus Wang 2000, Laccotriton subsolanus Gao et al. 1998, and Sinerpeton fengshanensis Gao et Shubin 2001, document the first, group of fossil lissamphibians recovered from the Mesozoic of China, and constitute up-to-novv the most diverse lissamphibian fauna in the Mesozoic of Asia, providing important information on the origins and early evolution of modem amphibian groups. The purpose of the thesis is to investigate systematically significant characteristics of these early lissamphibians, and to test the monophyly of certain anuran groups and interpret inter- and intra-relationships of primitive anuran clade based on new phylogenetic hypothesis of basal anurans. Callobatrachus is distinguished from other discoglossids by primitively having 9 presacrals and non-forked cleithra. Mesophryne represents an unknown archaic anuran clade based on its primitive features including the presence of 9 presacrals, 3 pairs of free ribs, expanded proximal end of the coracoids, and an intermedium in the carpal region. Jehohtriton is a neotenic salamander having external gills in combination with longitudinally extended palatal tooth rows and broad middle contact of the nasals. A phylogenetic analysis of 54 characters across 18 taxa supports the monophyly of the family Discoglossidae, and indicates in-group relationships as: Callobatrachus + {Eodiscoglossus + (Bombina + Barbouruld) + [Alytes + (Discoglossus + Latonia)]}. The debated gobiatines are excluded from the family, and are regarded outside the (Discoglossidae + Pelobatoidea) clade. Phylogenetic analysis of basal anurans based on 65 characters and 24 taxa also supports the monophyly of Discoglossidae, as well as Notobatrachidae {Notobatrachus + Prosalirus), Leiopelmatidae, Pelobatidae, Pipoidea, and Pipidae, but the status of Pelobatoidea and Mesobatrachia is unsettled. The results of the phylogenetic analysis provide the following cladistic scheme for the basal anurans: Caudata (Triadobatrachus + (Czatkobatrachus + ((Prosalirus + Notobatrachus) + (Vieraella + (Gobiates + (Mesophryne + ((Ascaphus + Leiopelma) + ((Callobatrachus + (Eodiscoglossus + (Alytes + Discoglossus) + (Barbourula + Bombind))) + ((Pelobates + Eopelobates) + Megophrys) + Pelodytes + ((Pipa + Xenopus) + (Rhinophrynus + Palaeobatrachus)))))))))).
页数	153
语种	中文
文献类型	学位论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.205/handle/311034/1758
专题	硕博论文
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	王原. 热河群的滑体两栖类化石及无尾类基群的系统发育研究[D]. 中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所. 中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所,2002.

条目包含的文件
文件名称/大小	文献类型	版本类型	开放类型	使用许可
LW009820.pdf（2374KB）			开放获取	--	请求全文