Understanding the overestimated impact of the Toba volcanic super-eruption on global environments and ancient hominins

doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2020.06.021

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	Understanding the overestimated impact of the Toba volcanic super-eruption on global environments and ancient hominins
	Ge, Yong 1,2; Gao, Xing1,2,3
	2020-09-10
发表期刊	QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL
ISSN	1040-6182
卷号	559 期号:0 页码:24-33
摘要	The similar to 74 ka Toba super-eruption was the largest known explosive volcanic event of the past 2.5 million years and has been held responsible for presumed dramatic global cooling and large-scale hominin extinction. The hypothesis that the Toba super-eruption resulted in human extinction outside of tropical Africa has been cited as a mechanism to support models of a Middle Pleistocene African origin for modern humans. This hypothesis has prevailed for decades and drawn the attention of researchers from many fields. Recently, this proposition has been debated or refuted because of the development of more precise dating techniques and higher-resolution geological records that provide new data to reevaluate the climatic influence of the Toba event. Relevant archaeological evidence also indicates the survival of hominin groups in Eurasia immediately after the Toba event, even in India and Sumatra, which were covered by thick deposits of volcanic ash. Here, we correlate high-resolution geological records with the most precise available ages for the Toba event (ca. 74 ka), including ice cores, stalagmites, and lake and deep-sea sediments, concluding only limited influence of the Toba supereruption on the Earth's climate. We also assemble archaeological data demonstrating continuity of human activity before and after the Toba event, ancient DNA and fossil evidences also testify the survival of other archaic humans after the eruption. The preponderance of the evidence dictates rejection of previous "population bottleneck" hypotheses and the total replacement model for the origins of modern humans. Although the Toba super-eruption was the largest such event of the Quaternary period, it did not have a devastating impact on the Earth's climate and human activity.
关键词	similar to 74 ka Toba volcanic super-eruption Overestimated influence Global climate change Population bottleneck Modern human origins
DOI	10.1016/j.quaint.2020.06.021
关键词[WOS]	LATE PLEISTOCENE ; MILLENNIAL-SCALE ; CLIMATE OSCILLATIONS ; SURFACE-TEMPERATURE ; GENOME SEQUENCE ; AR-40/AR-39 AGE ; ORBITAL-SCALE ; ASIAN MONSOON ; MODERN HUMANS ; EAST-AFRICA
收录类别	SCI
语种	英语
资助项目	Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences[XDB26000000] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China[41672024] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China[41572022] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China[41802021] ; National Basic Research Project under the Ministry of Science and Technology of China[2014FY110300]
WOS研究方向	Physical Geography ; Geology
WOS类目	Geography, Physical ; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
WOS记录号	WOS:000587999200004
出版者	PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
引用统计
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.205/handle/311034/18879
专题	中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所
通讯作者	Gao, Xing
作者单位	1.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Vertebrate Paleontol & Paleoanthropol, Key Lab Vertebrate Evolut & Human Origins, Beijing 100044, Peoples R China 2.Chinese Acad Sci, Ctr Excellence Life & Paleoenvironm, Beijing 100044, Peoples R China 3.Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Ge, Yong,Gao, Xing. Understanding the overestimated impact of the Toba volcanic super-eruption on global environments and ancient hominins[J]. QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL,2020,559(0):24-33.
APA	Ge, Yong,&Gao, Xing.(2020).Understanding the overestimated impact of the Toba volcanic super-eruption on global environments and ancient hominins.QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL,559(0),24-33.
MLA	Ge, Yong,et al."Understanding the overestimated impact of the Toba volcanic super-eruption on global environments and ancient hominins".QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL 559.0(2020):24-33.

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