A new Lower Cretaceous bird from China and tooth reduction in early avian evolution

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	A new Lower Cretaceous bird from China and tooth reduction in early avian evolution
	Zhou, Zhonghe; Li, Fucheng Zhang Zhiheng
	2010-01-22
发表期刊	PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
卷号	277 期号:1679 页码:219-227
文章类型	Article
摘要	A new avian genus and species, Zhongjianornis yangi gen. et sp. nov., is reported from the Lower Cretaceous lacustrine deposits of the Jiufotang Formation in Liaoning, northeast China. The new taxon is characterized by possessing the following combination of features: upper and lower jaws toothless, snout pointed, humerus with large and robust deltopectoral crest, second phalanx of the major manual digit longer than the first phalanx, unguals of the alular and major digits of similar length and significantly shorter than the corresponding penultimate phalanges, tibiotarsus slender and more than twice the length of the tarsometatarsus, and metatarsal IV longer than the other metatarsals. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that Zhongjianornis is phylogenetically basal to Confuciusornis and the dominant Mesozoic avian groups, Enantiornithes and Ornithurae, and therefore provides significant new information regarding the diversification of birds in the Early Cretaceous. It also represents the most basal bird that completely lacks teeth, suggesting that tooth loss was more common than expected in early avian evolution and that the avian beak appeared independently in several avian lineages, most probably as a response to selective pressure for weight reduction. Finally, the presence of a significantly enlarged humeral deltopectoral crest suggests that Zhongjianornis shares with other basal birds such as Jeholornis, Sapeornis and Confuciusornis a distinctive mode of adaptation for flight contrasting with that seen in more advanced birds, which instead possess an elongated sternum and a prominent keel.
关键词	Lower Cretaceous Bird Evolution Beak China
WOS标题词	Science & Technology ; Life Sciences & Biomedicine
学科领域	古脊椎动物及地层学
关键词[WOS]	ENANTIORNITHINE BIRD ; ORNITHURINE BIRD ; MORPHOLOGY ; INSIGHT ; ANATOMY ; FLIGHT ; AVES
收录类别	SCI
语种	英语
WOS研究方向	Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics ; Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Evolutionary Biology
WOS类目	Biology ; Ecology ; Evolutionary Biology
WOS记录号	WOS:000272467300008
引用统计	被引频次：63[WOS] [WOS记录] [WOS相关记录]
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.205/handle/311034/1916
专题	古低等脊椎动物研究室
作者单位	Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Vertebrate Paleontol & Paleoanthropol, Key Lab Evolutionary Systemat Vertebrates, Beijing 100044, Peoples R China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Zhou, Zhonghe,Li, Fucheng Zhang Zhiheng. A new Lower Cretaceous bird from China and tooth reduction in early avian evolution[J]. PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES,2010,277(1679):219-227.
APA	Zhou, Zhonghe,&Li, Fucheng Zhang Zhiheng.(2010).A new Lower Cretaceous bird from China and tooth reduction in early avian evolution.PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES,277(1679),219-227.
MLA	Zhou, Zhonghe,et al."A new Lower Cretaceous bird from China and tooth reduction in early avian evolution".PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 277.1679(2010):219-227.

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