Magnetic detection of anthropogenic fires at Xiaodong Rockshelter, Southwest China

doi:10.1016/j.jas.2024.106086

IVPP-IR

	Magnetic detection of anthropogenic fires at Xiaodong Rockshelter, Southwest China
	Zheng, Yan 1,2; Yang, Qing 2,3; Zeng, Quan 4,10; Li, Haiyan 4; Zhang, Yu 3; Shi, Lin 3; Ji, Xueping 5; Deng, Chenglong 6; Li, Xiaoqiang1 ; Petraglia, Michael 2,8,9; Zheng, Hongbo 2,7
	2024-11-01
发表期刊	JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE
ISSN	0305-4403
卷号	171 页码:11
通讯作者	Zheng, Yan(zhengyan@ivpp.ac.cn) ; Yang, Qing(yangqing@ynu.edu.cn)
摘要	The Xiaodong Rockshelter, located on the southwest edge of Yunnan Province, is known as Southeast Asia's oldest (>43.5 ka) and northernmost Hoabinhian technocomplex site. The rockshelter preserves a rich record of animals, plants, and lithic artifacts excavated from sediments with a thickness of 4.6 m. New dating reported here indicates that the stratigraphic sequence spans from 65 ka to 15 ka. Several layers in the sedimentary sequence show evidence of fire, representative of the earliest evidence of fire by Hoabinhian population in a tropical-subtropical area. Here, we use magnetic methods coupled with mineral analysis to differentiate natural material from anthropogenically fired sediment. Archaeological fire events are characterized by higher magnetic concentrations and coarser magnetic grains compared to natural sediments. Significant magnetic enhancements were caused by the transformation of paramagnetic iron-bearing silicates into ferrimagnetic, spherical-shaped magnetite with increasing temperatures. Notably, a pronounced magnetic enhancement was observed between 1.8 and 2.5 m, spanning between 42 and 34 ka, indicating intense and concentrated heating, with estimated firing temperatures reaching ca. 400 degrees C. Additionally, three thin layers exhibiting magnetic enhancement were detected at depths of 3.65 m, 4.45 m, and 4.55 m, dating to ca. 55.6 ka, 62.3 ka and 64.8 ka respectively. This suggests three short-term fired ash deposits with minimal vertical magnetic enhancement, indicative of fire temperatures at ca. 350 degrees C. The magnetic method proves effective in detecting anthropogenic fire in archaeological sediments and potentially estimating ancient fire temperatures.
关键词	Fire Magnetic minerals Magnetic enhancement Hoabinhian Southern China
DOI	10.1016/j.jas.2024.106086
关键词[WOS]	FIRING TEMPERATURES ; ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES ; TOOL
收录类别	SCI
语种	英语
资助项目	National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)[41974079] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)[41991323] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)[42488201] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)[42361144879] ; Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects[202301BF070001-005] ; National Key R and D project[2022YFF0801502] ; Queensland-Chinese Academy of Sciences Collaborative Science Fund[QCAS036] ; Queensland-Chinese Academy of Sciences Collaborative Science Fund[045GJHZ2023001MI]
项目资助者	National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) ; Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects ; National Key R and D project ; Queensland-Chinese Academy of Sciences Collaborative Science Fund
WOS研究方向	Anthropology ; Archaeology ; Geology
WOS类目	Anthropology ; Archaeology ; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
WOS记录号	WOS:001327445000001
出版者	ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
引用统计
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.205/handle/311034/24122
专题	中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所
通讯作者	Zheng, Yan; Yang, Qing
作者单位	1.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Vertebrate Paleontol & Paleoanthropol, Key Lab Vertebrate Evolut & Human Origins, Beijing 100044, Peoples R China 2.Griffith Univ, Australian Res Ctr Human Evolut, Brisbane 4111, Australia 3.Yunnan Univ, Yunnan Key Lab Earth Syst Sci, Kunming 650500, Peoples R China 4.China Univ Geosci Beijing, State Key Lab Biogeol & Environm Geol, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China 5.Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Zool, Kunming Nat Hist Museum Zool, Kunming 650201, Peoples R China 6.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geol & Geophys, State Key Lab Lithospher Evolut, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China 7.Univ Queensland, Sustainable Minerals Inst, Brisbane 4067, Australia 8.Univ Queensland, Brisbane 4068, Australia 9.Smithsonian Inst, Human Origins Program, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC USA 10.China Nonferrous Met Ind Co Ltd, Kunming Prospecting Design Inst, Kunming 650051, Peoples R China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Zheng, Yan,Yang, Qing,Zeng, Quan,et al. Magnetic detection of anthropogenic fires at Xiaodong Rockshelter, Southwest China[J]. JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE,2024,171:11.
APA	Zheng, Yan.,Yang, Qing.,Zeng, Quan.,Li, Haiyan.,Zhang, Yu.,...&Zheng, Hongbo.(2024).Magnetic detection of anthropogenic fires at Xiaodong Rockshelter, Southwest China.JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE,171,11.
MLA	Zheng, Yan,et al."Magnetic detection of anthropogenic fires at Xiaodong Rockshelter, Southwest China".JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE 171(2024):11.