Taxonomic revision of the SK 15 mandible based on bone and tooth structural organization

doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2024.103634

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	Taxonomic revision of the SK 15 mandible based on bone and tooth structural organization
	Zanolli, Clement 1,2; Hublin, Jean-Jacques 3; Kullmer, Ottmar 4,5; Schrenk, Friedemann 4,5; Kgasi, Lazarus 6,7; Tawane, Mirriam 6; Xing, Song 8,9
	2025-03-01
发表期刊	JOURNAL OF HUMAN EVOLUTION
ISSN	0047-2484
卷号	200 页码:12
通讯作者	Zanolli, Clement(clement.zanolli@gmail.com)
摘要	The hominin mandible SK 15 was discovered in April 1949 in Swartkrans Member 2, dated to similar to 1.4 Ma. Albeit distorted on the right side, the left and right corpus of SK 15 are relatively low and thick, even compared to most Early to Middle Pleistocene Homo specimens. It preserves the left molar row and the right M-2 and M-3 that show a distalward increase in mesiodistal diameter. SK 15 was originally attributed to Telanthropus capensis but is now generally attributed to Homo erectus/Homo ergaster, even if it was previously suggested to possibly belong to Australopithecus. Similarities between SK 15 and Homo naledi mandible and tooth morphology were also claimed. To clarify the taxonomy of SK 15, we used X-ray microtomography to investigate aspects of bone and tooth structural organization. Geometric morphometric analyses of the dental arcade shape, mandible symphysis outline, and the M-2 and M-3 enamel-dentine junction shape were conducted. For mandibular symphysis shape, SK 15 exhibits an australopith signal, whereas for both the dental arcade and enamel-dentine junction analyses, the specimen is statistically classified as Paranthropus. Altogether, the results show that SK 15 unambiguously falls outside the variation of H. erectus/H. ergaster and that it is most compatible with the morphology of Paranthropus, albeit showing smaller dimensions and an absence of some dental morphological features (e.g., developed protostylid, distally tapering M-3, short molar roots) typically found in specimens of Paranthropus aethiopicus, Paranthropus boisei, and Paranthropus robustus. In particular, SK 15 differs markedly in size and morphology from mandibular remains of P. robustus from Swartkrans Member 2. We thus tentatively attribute SK 15 to Paranthropus capensis, a more gracile species of Paranthropus than the other three currently recognized species of this genus and discuss the implications for the existence of another species of Paranthropus in southern Africa during the Early Pleistocene. (c) 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
关键词	Homo ergaster Paranthropus robustus Telanthropus capensis Paranthropus capensis Southern Africa Swartkrans
DOI	10.1016/j.jhevol.2024.103634
关键词[WOS]	ENAMEL-DENTIN JUNCTION ; AUSTRALOPITHECUS-SEDIBA ; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY ; SEXUAL-DIMORPHISM ; EARLY HOMO ; MORPHOLOGY ; SWARTKRANS ; EXTANT ; SHAPE ; DISCRIMINATION
收录类别	SCI
语种	英语
资助项目	Erasmus+ Programme of the European Union Bakeng se Afrika ; French CNRS ; AFRIQUE team of the PACEA Laboratory[UMR 5199] ; University of Bordeaux ; AESOP + program ; National Research Foundation ; Max Planck Society ; French government in the framework of the University of Bordeaux's IdEx Investments for the Future program/GPR Human Past ; Bakeng se Afrika project
项目资助者	Erasmus+ Programme of the European Union Bakeng se Afrika ; French CNRS ; AFRIQUE team of the PACEA Laboratory ; University of Bordeaux ; AESOP + program ; National Research Foundation ; Max Planck Society ; French government in the framework of the University of Bordeaux's IdEx Investments for the Future program/GPR Human Past ; Bakeng se Afrika project
WOS研究方向	Anthropology ; Evolutionary Biology
WOS类目	Anthropology ; Evolutionary Biology
WOS记录号	WOS:001399844400001
出版者	ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
引用统计
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.205/handle/311034/24234
专题	中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所
通讯作者	Zanolli, Clement
作者单位	1.Univ Bordeaux, CNRS, UMR 5199, MCC,PACEA, F-33600 Pessac, France 2.Univ Witwatersrand, Evolutionary Studies Inst, 1 Jan Smuts Ave, ZA-2000 Johannesburg, South Africa 3.Coll France, CIRB UMR U1050 7241, Chaire Paleoanthropol, 11 Pl Marcelin Berthelot, F-75231 Paris 05, France 4.Senckenberg Res Inst, Div Palaeoanthropol, Frankfurt, Germany 5.Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Ecol Evolut & Divers, Dept Palaeobiol & Environm, Frankfurt, Germany 6.Ditsong Natl Museum Nat Hist, ZA-0001 Pretoria, South Africa 7.Univ Johannesburg, Palaeo Res Inst, POB 524, ZA-2006 Auckland Pk, South Africa 8.Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Vertebrate Evolut & Human Origins, Inst Vertebrate Paleontol & Paleoanthropol, Beijing 100044, Peoples R China 9.CAS Ctr Excellence Life & Paleoenvironment, Beijing 100044, Peoples R China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Zanolli, Clement,Hublin, Jean-Jacques,Kullmer, Ottmar,et al. Taxonomic revision of the SK 15 mandible based on bone and tooth structural organization[J]. JOURNAL OF HUMAN EVOLUTION,2025,200:12.
APA	Zanolli, Clement.,Hublin, Jean-Jacques.,Kullmer, Ottmar.,Schrenk, Friedemann.,Kgasi, Lazarus.,...&Xing, Song.(2025).Taxonomic revision of the SK 15 mandible based on bone and tooth structural organization.JOURNAL OF HUMAN EVOLUTION,200,12.
MLA	Zanolli, Clement,et al."Taxonomic revision of the SK 15 mandible based on bone and tooth structural organization".JOURNAL OF HUMAN EVOLUTION 200(2025):12.