Skull of Parelasmotherium (Perissodactyla, Rhinocerotidae) from the upper Miocene in the Linxia Basin (Gansu, China)

IVPP-IR > 中科院古脊椎所（2000年以后）

	Skull of Parelasmotherium (Perissodactyla, Rhinocerotidae) from the upper Miocene in the Linxia Basin (Gansu, China)
	Tao Deng; Tao, D (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Vertebrate Paleontol & Paleoanthropol, POB 643, Beijing 100044, Peoples R China.
	2007-06-12
发表期刊	JOURNAL OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY
ISSN	0272-4634
卷号	27 期号:2 页码:467-475
文章类型	Article
摘要	A relatively complete skull of Parelosmotherium, a giant elasmotherine rhinocerotid with a huge nasal horn, is described from an early late Miocene locality of the Linxia Basin in Gansu, China. Comparing the new cranial material of Parelasmotherium, we confirm that Ningxiatherium belongs to a valid and independent genus. New knowledge concerning the cranial and dental morphology of Parelasmotherium allows insight into the phylogenetic position of this genus among elasmotheres. A sister-group relationship between Parelasmotherium and Ningxiatherium is proposed on the basis of cranial and dental evidence. Shared derived characters that support this relationship include: anterior rims of orbit far behind the level of M3; raised lower rim of orbit; long, wide, fused nasal bones that angle ventrally; a retracted nasal notch at the level of the P4/M1 boundary; broadly separated parietal crests; tooth rows restricted to the anterior half of skull; extremely expanded hypocones of molars; very narrow metalophs; and a lingually elongated protoloph of M3. Parelasmotherium was obviously a grazer, as shown by the high crown, strong wear, massive cement, and wrinkled enamel on its teeth. The coexistence of Parelasmotherium and Ningxiatherium in the Linxia Basin indicates that the ecological differentiation occurred during the early late Miocene. The two genera occupied different ecological niches with distinct diets, grazing grasses for Parelasmotherium and browsing leaves for Ningxiatherium.; A relatively complete skull of Parelosmotherium, a giant elasmotherine rhinocerotid with a huge nasal horn, is described from an early late Miocene locality of the Linxia Basin in Gansu, China. Comparing the new cranial material of Parelasmotherium, we confirm that Ningxiatherium belongs to a valid and independent genus. New knowledge concerning the cranial and dental morphology of Parelasmotherium allows insight into the phylogenetic position of this genus among elasmotheres. A sister-group relationship between Parelasmotherium and Ningxiatherium is proposed on the basis of cranial and dental evidence. Shared derived characters that support this relationship include: anterior rims of orbit far behind the level of M3; raised lower rim of orbit; long, wide, fused nasal bones that angle ventrally; a retracted nasal notch at the level of the P4/M1 boundary; broadly separated parietal crests; tooth rows restricted to the anterior half of skull; extremely expanded hypocones of molars; very narrow metalophs; and a lingually elongated protoloph of M3. Parelasmotherium was obviously a grazer, as shown by the high crown, strong wear, massive cement, and wrinkled enamel on its teeth. The coexistence of Parelasmotherium and Ningxiatherium in the Linxia Basin indicates that the ecological differentiation occurred during the early late Miocene. The two genera occupied different ecological niches with distinct diets, grazing grasses for Parelasmotherium and browsing leaves for Ningxiatherium.
WOS标题词	Science & Technology ; Life Sciences & Biomedicine
关键词[WOS]	MAMMALIAN FAUNAS ; SUBDIVISION ; DISCOVERY ; SEQUENCE ; ECOLOGY ; NEOGENE ; MIDDLE
收录类别	SCI
语种	英语
WOS研究方向	Paleontology
WOS类目	Paleontology
WOS记录号	WOS:000247251500017
引用统计
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.205/handle/311034/3343
专题	中科院古脊椎所（2000年以后）古哺乳动物研究室
通讯作者	Tao, D (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Vertebrate Paleontol & Paleoanthropol, POB 643, Beijing 100044, Peoples R China.
作者单位	Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Vertebrate Paleontol & Paleoanthropol, Beijing 100044, Peoples R China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Tao Deng,Tao, D . Skull of Parelasmotherium (Perissodactyla, Rhinocerotidae) from the upper Miocene in the Linxia Basin (Gansu, China)[J]. JOURNAL OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY,2007,27(2):467-475.
APA	Tao Deng,&Tao, D .(2007).Skull of Parelasmotherium (Perissodactyla, Rhinocerotidae) from the upper Miocene in the Linxia Basin (Gansu, China).JOURNAL OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY,27(2),467-475.
MLA	Tao Deng,et al."Skull of Parelasmotherium (Perissodactyla, Rhinocerotidae) from the upper Miocene in the Linxia Basin (Gansu, China)".JOURNAL OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY 27.2(2007):467-475.

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