Cranial anatomy of Bellusaurus sui (Dinosauria: Eusauropoda) from the Middle-Late Jurassic Shishugou Formation of northwest China and a review of sauropod cranial ontogeny

doi:10.7717/peerj.4881

IVPP-IR > 中科院古脊椎所（2000年以后）

	Cranial anatomy of Bellusaurus sui (Dinosauria: Eusauropoda) from the Middle-Late Jurassic Shishugou Formation of northwest China and a review of sauropod cranial ontogeny
	Moore, Andrew J.1; Mo, Jinyou 2; Clark, James M.1; Xu, Xing3
	2018-06-01
发表期刊	PEERJ
ISSN	2167-8359
卷号	6 期号:e4881 页码:74
文章类型	Review
摘要	Bellusaurus sui is an enigmatic sauropod dinosaur from the Middle-Late Jurassic Shishugou Formation of northwest China. Bellusaurus is known from a monospecific bonebed preserving elements from more than a dozen juvenile individuals, including numerous bones of the skull, providing rare insight into the cranial anatomy of juvenile sauropods. Here, we present a comprehensive description of the cranial anatomy of Bellusaurus, supplementing the holotypic cranial material with additional elements recovered from recent joint Sino-American field expeditions. Bellusaurus is diagnosed by several unique autapomorphies, including a neurovascular foramen piercing the ascending process of the maxilla at midheight, the frontal process of the nasal extending farther posteriorly onto the frontal than the prefrontal, and U-shaped medial and lateral notches in the posterior margin of the ventral process of the squamosal. Several features identified here, including a preantorbital opening in the maxilla, a stepped dorsal margin of the vomerine process of the pterygoid, and the partitioning of the dorsal midline endocranial fossae associated with the dural venous sinuses into anterior and posterior components by a transverse ridge of the parietal, are consistent with recent phylogenetic hypotheses that recover Bellusaurus as a basal macronarian or close relative of Neosauropoda. We review the current state of knowledge of sauropod cranial ontogeny, placing several aspects of the cranial anatomy of Bellusaurus in an ontogenetic context and providing explicit hypotheses of ontogenetic transformations that can be tested by future discoveries of ontogenetic variants of sauropod skulls. While scoring ontogenetically variable characters as unknown may help to alleviate the biasing effects of ontogeny on the phylogenetic position of juvenile specimens, we caution that this approach may remove phylogenetically informative character information, and argue that inference methods that are known to be less sensitive to homoplasy than equal weights parsimony (i.e., implied weights parsimony; Bayesian approaches) should also be employed.
关键词	Bellusaurus Sauropod Ontogeny Skull Middle-late Jurassic China
WOS标题词	Science & Technology
DOI	10.7717/peerj.4881
关键词[WOS]	REPUBLIC-OF-CHINA ; NEURAL SPINE BIFURCATION ; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS ; EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY ; BONITASAURA-SALGADOI ; CHUANJIE FORMATION ; JUNGGAR BASIN ; PATAGONIA ; OSTEOLOGY ; HISTOLOGY
收录类别	SCI
语种	英语
项目资助者	National Science Foundation(DGE-1246908 ; Jurassic Foundation ; Cosmos Club ; George Washington University ; National Geographic Society ; National Natural Science Foundation of China(41688103 ; Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB18030504) ; OISE 1515288 ; 91514302 ; EAR 0922187 ; 41120124002) ; EAR 0310217)
WOS研究方向	Science & Technology - Other Topics
WOS类目	Multidisciplinary Sciences
WOS记录号	WOS:000434234900006
出版者	PEERJ INC
引用统计
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.205/handle/311034/8400
专题	中科院古脊椎所（2000年以后）
通讯作者	Moore, Andrew J.
作者单位	1.George Washington Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Washington, DC 20052 USA 2.Nat Hist Museum Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Reg, Nanning, Peoples R China 3.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Vertebrate Paleontol & Paleoanthropol, Key Lab Vertebrate Evolut & Human Origins, Beijing, Peoples R China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Moore, Andrew J.,Mo, Jinyou,Clark, James M.,et al. Cranial anatomy of Bellusaurus sui (Dinosauria: Eusauropoda) from the Middle-Late Jurassic Shishugou Formation of northwest China and a review of sauropod cranial ontogeny[J]. PEERJ,2018,6(e4881):74.
APA	Moore, Andrew J.,Mo, Jinyou,Clark, James M.,&Xu, Xing.(2018).Cranial anatomy of Bellusaurus sui (Dinosauria: Eusauropoda) from the Middle-Late Jurassic Shishugou Formation of northwest China and a review of sauropod cranial ontogeny.PEERJ,6(e4881),74.
MLA	Moore, Andrew J.,et al."Cranial anatomy of Bellusaurus sui (Dinosauria: Eusauropoda) from the Middle-Late Jurassic Shishugou Formation of northwest China and a review of sauropod cranial ontogeny".PEERJ 6.e4881(2018):74.

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