Tentative determination of a special bronze material by multiple technological test on a xuan-liu dagger-axe from the Xujialing Site, the Eastern Zhou period, Henan Province, China

doi:10.1016/j.culher.2020.06.016

IVPP-IR

	Tentative determination of a special bronze material by multiple technological test on a xuan-liu dagger-axe from the Xujialing Site, the Eastern Zhou period, Henan Province, China
	Luo, Wugan 1,2; Song, Guoding 1,2; Hu, Yongqing 3; Chen, Dian 1,2
	2020-11-01
发表期刊	JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE
ISSN	1296-2074
卷号	46 页码:304-312
通讯作者	Luo, Wugan(xiahua@ucas.ac.cn) ; Chen, Dian(chendian15@mails.ucas.ac.cn)
摘要	Some words on bronze inscriptions that may refer to the names of metal raw materials are always under discussion. One of the most frequent term is 'xuan-liu' ((sic)), which found in the inscriptions of many objects such as weapons, musical instruments and vessels of Zhou dynasty. Previous scholars have interpreted its meaning through philology and paleography, but opinions differ widely. Scientific data by modern techniques could provide some innovative and profound evidence. Hence, a series of scientific tests including metallographic observation, FTIR, EDXRF, ICP-AES, on a precious xuan-liu dagger-axe from the Xujialing site, Henan Province, were carried out in this work, while compared with other three bronze vessels with typical Chu style in the same site, whose compositions and lead isotopes can be used as context for better understanding the technological level and raw material origin of the xuan-liu dagger axe. By comparison to the composition data of some other dagger-axes, as well as the lead isotope data of the same period bronze wares from the adjacent area and geological background, some conclusions were gotten. First, the xuan-liu dagger-axe was perfectly made and the inlaid gold thread has a high quality and purity. Second, the ratio of copper to tin is about three to one, close to the recommended alloy ratios in ancient books. Third, it is probably a local product from the State of Chu rather than Wu. Based on this information, we have excluded some of the previous points of view and incline to the opinion that 'xuan-liu' may indicate a particular kind of tin ore. (C) 2020 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
关键词	Bronze dagger-axe Xuan-liu inscription Corrosion product Lead isotope
DOI	10.1016/j.culher.2020.06.016
关键词[WOS]	DYNASTY
收录类别	SCI
语种	英语
资助项目	University of Chinese Academy of Sciences[2019-Y954026XX2] ; youth fund of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, P. R. China[19C14430008] ; Special Foundation for Young Scholar's Teaching and Research in Scientific History at Chinese Academy of Sciences (2015) ; National Social Science Fund of China[17XKG003] ; China Scholarship Council (CSC)[201904910738] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China[41471167]
项目资助者	University of Chinese Academy of Sciences ; youth fund of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, P. R. China ; Special Foundation for Young Scholar's Teaching and Research in Scientific History at Chinese Academy of Sciences (2015) ; National Social Science Fund of China ; China Scholarship Council (CSC) ; National Natural Science Foundation of China
WOS研究方向	Archaeology ; Art ; Chemistry ; Geology ; Materials Science ; Spectroscopy
WOS类目	Archaeology ; Art ; Chemistry, Analytical ; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary ; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary ; Spectroscopy
WOS记录号	WOS:000600667400002
出版者	ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER
引用统计
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.205/handle/311034/18761
专题	中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所
通讯作者	Luo, Wugan; Chen, Dian
作者单位	1.Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Dept Archaeol & Anthropol, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China 2.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Vertebrate Paleontol & Paleoanthropol, Key Lab Vertebrate Evolut & Human Origins, Beijing 100044, Peoples R China 3.Henan Prov Inst Cultural Relics & Archaeol, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, Peoples R China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Luo, Wugan,Song, Guoding,Hu, Yongqing,et al. Tentative determination of a special bronze material by multiple technological test on a xuan-liu dagger-axe from the Xujialing Site, the Eastern Zhou period, Henan Province, China[J]. JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE,2020,46:304-312.
APA	Luo, Wugan,Song, Guoding,Hu, Yongqing,&Chen, Dian.(2020).Tentative determination of a special bronze material by multiple technological test on a xuan-liu dagger-axe from the Xujialing Site, the Eastern Zhou period, Henan Province, China.JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE,46,304-312.
MLA	Luo, Wugan,et al."Tentative determination of a special bronze material by multiple technological test on a xuan-liu dagger-axe from the Xujialing Site, the Eastern Zhou period, Henan Province, China".JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE 46(2020):304-312.