KMS Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology
| Protopsephurus liui, a well-preserved primitive paddlefish (Acipenseriformes : polyodontidae) from the lower cretaceous of China | |
| Grande, L; Jin, F; Yabumoto, Y; Bemis, WE; Grande, L (reprint author), Field Museum Nat Hist, Dept Geol, Roosevelt Rd & Lake Shore Dr, Chicago, IL 60605 USA. | |
| 2002-07-08 | |
| 发表期刊 | JOURNAL OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY
 |
| ISSN | 0272-4634 |
| 卷号 | 22期号:2页码:209-237 |
| 文章类型 | Article |
| 摘要 | daggerProtopsephurus liui Lu, 1994, from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of China, is both the oldest and the most primitive paddlefish (polyodontid) known. It was originally described based on a partial skeleton, a partial skull, and two partial trunk regions, leaving much of the species' osteology unknown. Here, based on the type specimens and many newly discovered well-preserved skeletons, we describe this species in detail. daggerProtopsephurus is clearly a polyodontid based on several characters including: (1) the presence of stellate bones; (2) the presence of a series of long median dorsorostral and ventrorostral bones; (3) extreme elongation of the snout; (4) the presence of anterior, middle and posterior divisions of the fenestra longitudinalis; and (5) the presence of "microctenoid" scales (defined here). Within Polyodontidae, daggerProtopsephurus (which forms the monotypic series daggerProtopsephuri) lacks several characters derived for all other Polyodontidae (=Polyodonti). In contrast to daggerProtopsephuri, Polyodonti (including two fossil and two extant genera) have: (1) larger, more branched stellate bones; (2) a reduction of branchiostegals to a single element; (3) a sutural contact between posttemporal and dermosphenotic; (4) a longer anterior arm of the posttemporal; (5) a very large anterior division of the fenestra longitudinalis; (6) a loss of the pectoral fin spine; (7) the nasals reduced to little more than simple tubular ossifications; and (8) well-developed spine-like posterior projections of the subopercle. In addition, daggerProtopsephurus and daggerPaleopsephurus are apparently the only paddlefish species to have retained median elements at the rear of the skull roof (e.g., a median extrascapular bone). The presence of a sturgeon-like pectoral spine in daggerProtopsephurus and some daggerpeipiaosteids suggest that paddlefishes primitively had this structure and that the mere presence of a pectoral fin spine is not synapomorphic for Acipenseridae (i.e., the pectoral fin spine could be a derived feature of Acipenseristomi sensu Grande and Bemis, 1996). Strong development of the pectoral fin spine can still be used as a derived character of Acipenseridae because it is unique to that family among Acipenseriformes. Our phylogenetic analysis here does not support the monophyly of Acipenseristorm Grande and Bemis, 1996 (a group indicating Acipenseroidei to be more closely related to daggerPeipiaosteidae than to daggerChondrosteidae). Further detailed studies of daggerChondrosteidae are needed to more definitively resolve the three taxon interrelationship problem of Acipenseroidei, daggerChondrosteidae, and daggerPeipiaosteidae. Paddlefishes remain one of the strongest indicators of historical biogeographic connection between East Asia and North America. Fossil and living members of the family date from the Early Cretaceous and Recent in China, and from the Late Cretaceous, Early Paleocene, Early Eocene and Recent in North America.; daggerProtopsephurus liui Lu, 1994, from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of China, is both the oldest and the most primitive paddlefish (polyodontid) known. It was originally described based on a partial skeleton, a partial skull, and two partial trunk regions, leaving much of the species' osteology unknown. Here, based on the type specimens and many newly discovered well-preserved skeletons, we describe this species in detail. |
| WOS标题词 | Science & Technology ; Life Sciences & Biomedicine |
| URL | 查看原文 |
| 关键词[WOS] | ACTINOPTERYGIAN FISHES ; FEATHERED DINOSAURS ; HOMOLOGY ; OSTEICHTHYANS ; AGE |
| 收录类别 | SCI |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| WOS研究方向 | Paleontology |
| WOS类目 | Paleontology |
| WOS记录号 | WOS:000176772200001 |
| 引用统计 | |
| 文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.205/handle/311034/3783 |
| 专题 | 中科院古脊椎所（2000年以后） |
| 通讯作者 | Grande, L (reprint author), Field Museum Nat Hist, Dept Geol, Roosevelt Rd & Lake Shore Dr, Chicago, IL 60605 USA. |
| 作者单位 | 1.Field Museum Nat Hist, Dept Geol, Chicago, IL 60605 USA 2.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Vertebrate Paleontol & Paleoanthropol, Beijing 100044, Peoples R China 3.Kitakyushu Museum & Inst Nat Hist, Yahatahigasi Ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 8050061, Japan 4.Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biol, OEB Program, Amherst, MA 01003 USA |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Grande, L,Jin, F,Yabumoto, Y,et al. Protopsephurus liui, a well-preserved primitive paddlefish (Acipenseriformes : polyodontidae) from the lower cretaceous of China[J]. JOURNAL OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY,2002,22(2):209-237. |
| APA | Grande, L,Jin, F,Yabumoto, Y,Bemis, WE,&Grande, L .(2002).Protopsephurus liui, a well-preserved primitive paddlefish (Acipenseriformes : polyodontidae) from the lower cretaceous of China.JOURNAL OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY,22(2),209-237. |
| MLA | Grande, L,et al."Protopsephurus liui, a well-preserved primitive paddlefish (Acipenseriformes : polyodontidae) from the lower cretaceous of China".JOURNAL OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY 22.2(2002):209-237. |
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