A toothed turtle from the Late Jurassic of China and the global biogeographic history of turtles

doi:10.1186/s12862-016-0762-5

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	A toothed turtle from the Late Jurassic of China and the global biogeographic history of turtles
	Joyce,Walter G.1; Rabi,Márton 2,3; Clark,James M.4; Xu,Xing5
	2016-10-28
发表期刊	BMC Evolutionary Biology
ISSN	1471-2148
卷号	16 期号:1 页码:29
摘要	AbstractBackgroundTurtles (Testudinata) are a successful lineage of vertebrates with about 350 extant species that inhabit all major oceans and landmasses with tropical to temperate climates. The rich fossil record of turtles documents the adaptation of various sub-lineages to a broad range of habitat preferences, but a synthetic biogeographic model is still lacking for the group.ResultsWe herein describe a new species of fossil turtle from the Late Jurassic of Xinjiang, China, Sichuanchelys palatodentata sp. nov., that is highly unusual by plesiomorphically exhibiting palatal teeth. Phylogenetic analysis places the Late Jurassic Sichuanchelys palatodentata in a clade with the Late Cretaceous Mongolochelys efremovi outside crown group Testudines thereby establishing the prolonged presence of a previously unrecognized clade of turtles in Asia, herein named Sichuanchelyidae. In contrast to previous hypotheses, M. efremovi and Kallokibotion bajazidi are not found within Meiolaniformes, a clade that is here reinterpreted as being restricted to Gondwana.ConclusionsA revision of the global distribution of fossil and recent turtle reveals that the three primary lineages of derived, aquatic turtles, including the crown, Paracryptodira, Pan-Pleurodira, and Pan-Cryptodira can be traced back to the Middle Jurassic of Euramerica, Gondwana, and Asia, respectively, which resulted from the primary break up of Pangaea at that time. The two primary lineages of Pleurodira, Pan-Pelomedusoides and Pan-Chelidae, can similarly be traced back to the Cretaceous of northern and southern Gondwana, respectively, which were separated from one another by a large desert zone during that time. The primary divergence of crown turtles was therefore driven by vicariance to the primary freshwater aquatic habitat of these lineages. The temporally persistent lineages of basal turtles, Helochelydridae, Meiolaniformes, Sichuanchelyidae, can similarly be traced back to the Late Mesozoic of Euramerica, southern Gondwana, and Asia. Given the ambiguous phylogenetic relationships of these three lineages, it is unclear if their diversification was driven by vicariance as well, or if they display a vicariance-like pattern. The clean, primary signal apparent among early turtles is secondarily obliterated throughout the Late Cretaceous to Recent by extensive dispersal of continental turtles and by multiple invasions of marine habitats.
关键词	Testudinata Sichuanchelyidae Helochelydridae Meiolaniformes Sichuanchelys palatodentata Jurassic Xinjiang China Phylogeny Biogeography
DOI	10.1186/s12862-016-0762-5
语种	英语
WOS记录号	BMC:10.1186/s12862-016-0762-5
出版者	BioMed Central
引用统计
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.205/handle/311034/8441
专题	中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所
通讯作者	Joyce,Walter G.; Rabi,Márton
作者单位	1.University of Fribourg; Department of Geosciences 2.University of Tübingen; Department of Geosciences 3.University of Turin; Department of Geosciences 4.George Washington University; Department of Biological Sciences 5.Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology & Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origin of Chinese Academy of Sciences
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Joyce,Walter G.,Rabi,Márton,Clark,James M.,et al. A toothed turtle from the Late Jurassic of China and the global biogeographic history of turtles[J]. BMC Evolutionary Biology,2016,16(1):29.
APA	Joyce,Walter G.,Rabi,Márton,Clark,James M.,&Xu,Xing.(2016).A toothed turtle from the Late Jurassic of China and the global biogeographic history of turtles.BMC Evolutionary Biology,16(1),29.
MLA	Joyce,Walter G.,et al."A toothed turtle from the Late Jurassic of China and the global biogeographic history of turtles".BMC Evolutionary Biology 16.1(2016):29.

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