External auditory exostoses in the Xuchang and Xujiayao human remains: Patterns and implications among eastern Eurasian Middle and Late Pleistocene crania

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0189390

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	External auditory exostoses in the Xuchang and Xujiayao human remains: Patterns and implications among eastern Eurasian Middle and Late Pleistocene crania
	Trinkaus, Erik 1; Wu, Xiu-Jie 2
	2017-12-12
发表期刊	PLOS ONE
ISSN	1932-6203
卷号	12 期号:12
文章类型	Article
摘要	In the context of Middle and Late Pleistocene eastern Eurasian human crania, the external auditory exostoses (EAE) of the late archaic Xuchang 1 and 2 and the Xujiayao 15 early Late Pleistocene human temporal bones are described. Xujiayao 15 has small EAE (Grade 1), Xuchang 1 presents bilateral medium EAE (Grade 2), and Xuchang 2 exhibits bilaterally large EAE (Grade 3), especially on the right side. These cranial remains join the other eastern Eurasian later Pleistocene humans in providing frequencies of 61% (N = 18) and 58% (N = 12) respectively for archaic and early modern human samples. These values are near the upper limits of recent human frequencies, and they imply frequent aquatic exposure among these Pleistocene humans. In addition, the medial extents of the Xuchang 1 and 2 EAE would have impinged on their tympanic membranes, and the large EAE of Xuchang 2 would have resulted in cerumen impaction. Both effects would have produced conductive hearing loss, a serious impairment in a Pleistocene foraging context.
WOS标题词	Science & Technology
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0189390
关键词[WOS]	COLD-WATER ; CANAL EXOSTOSES ; CARNIVORE INTERACTIONS ; SOUTH-AFRICA ; NORTH CHINA ; LOS HUESOS ; COASTAL ; SITE ; EAR ; EXPLOITATION
收录类别	SCI ; SSCI
语种	英语
项目资助者	National Natural Science Foundation of China(41630102 ; Chinese Academy of Sciences(132311KYSB20160004 ; Chinese Academy of Sciences Presidential International Fellowship Initiative(2016DB001) ; 41672020) ; XDPB05)
WOS研究方向	Science & Technology - Other Topics
WOS类目	Multidisciplinary Sciences
WOS记录号	WOS:000417698200038
出版者	PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
引用统计
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.205/handle/311034/8702
专题	中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所
通讯作者	Trinkaus, Erik
作者单位	1.Washington Univ, Dept Anthropol, St Louis, MO 63130 USA 2.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Vertebrate Paleontol & Paleoanthropol, Key Lab Vertebrate Evolut & Human Origins, Beijing, Peoples R China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Trinkaus, Erik,Wu, Xiu-Jie. External auditory exostoses in the Xuchang and Xujiayao human remains: Patterns and implications among eastern Eurasian Middle and Late Pleistocene crania[J]. PLOS ONE,2017,12(12).
APA	Trinkaus, Erik,&Wu, Xiu-Jie.(2017).External auditory exostoses in the Xuchang and Xujiayao human remains: Patterns and implications among eastern Eurasian Middle and Late Pleistocene crania.PLOS ONE,12(12).
MLA	Trinkaus, Erik,et al."External auditory exostoses in the Xuchang and Xujiayao human remains: Patterns and implications among eastern Eurasian Middle and Late Pleistocene crania".PLOS ONE 12.12(2017).